Appalachian Lithium Reserves Could End US Import Dependency for Centuries

Key Details The U.S. Geological Survey released research showing Appalachian regions hold approximately 2.3 million metric tons of economically recoverable lithium. This deposit spans Maine, New Hampshire, and the Carolinas, representing enough supply to replace 328 years of current U.S. imports. Why It Matters The reserves could power 130 million electric vehicles or support 1.6 million grid-scale batteries. Currently, the U.S. imports more than half its lithium consumption, making domestic production critical as EV adoption accelerates and global demand rises. Current Market Position Albemarle Corp. remains America's only domestic lithium producer. However, Canada's Lithium Americas and Australia's Ioneer are developing Nevada mines that could increase domestic capacity. USGS projects global lithium production to double by 2029. Strategic Implications Lithium was designated a critical mineral by USGS last year due to supply chain vulnerabilities. China currently dominates global processed lithium markets, making Appalachian development essential for U.S. mineral security and reducing dependence on concentrated foreign sources.